Conceptual Issues and Existential Functions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Approximately 2,800 years ago, a blind poet wandered from city to city in Greece telling a tall tale—that of a nobleman, war hero, and daring adventurer who did not catch sight of his homeland for 20 long years. The poet was Homer and the larger-than-life character was Odysseus. Homer sang the epic adventures of cunning Odysseus who fought the Trojan War for 10 years and labored for another 10 on a die-hard mission to return to his homeland, the island of Ithaca, and reunite with his loyal wife, Penelope, and their son, Telemachus. Three of the 10 return years were spent on sea, facing the wrath of Gods, monsters, and assorted evil-doers. The other 7 were spent on the island of Ogygia, in the seducing arms of a nymph, the beautiful and possessive Calypso. Yet, despite this dolce vita, Odysseus never took his mind off Ithaca, refusing Calypso’s offer to make him immortal. On the edge of ungratefulness, he confided to his mistress, “Full well I acknowledge Prudent Penelope cannot compare with your stature or beauty, for she is only a mortal, and you are immortal and ageless. Nevertheless it is she whom I daily desire and pine for. Therefore I long for my home and to see the day of returning” (Homer, The Odyssey, trans. 1921, Book V, pp. 78–79). 1 Return was continually on Odysseus’ mind, and the Greek word for it is nostos. His burning wish for nostos afflicted unbearable suffering on Odysseus, and the Greek word for it is algos. Nostalgia, then, is the psychological suffering caused by unrelenting yearning to
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